Strain selection: Ganoderma lucidum strains should be selected from high-quality strains with good high-yield performance, strong resistance to impurities and stains, in order to obtain high-quality and high-yield. Select excellent wild Ganoderma lucidum strains, and cultivate the mother species into Ganoderma lucidum strains suitable for imitating wild planting in the forest.
Wood treatment: Ganoderma lucidum does not have high requirements on tree species, except for pine, cypress, eucalyptus, camphor and other tree species with more oil and pungent odor, other tree species are acceptable. Fagaceae has hard wood and less heartwood, so it is more suitable. Select trees such as vertebral wood, lotus wood, quinoa, chestnut, maple, etc., saw them down and let them dry naturally, and then move them back to the site after they are half-dried to make basswood. The diameter of the log is 5-20 cm. Plane off the rough skin with a tool, cut it into 25 cm long sections, and the section should be flat. Use a portable electric planer to polish and polish the surroundings of the basswood, remove the burrs, keep the basswood basically smooth, so as not to puncture the packaging bag, and cut a hole along the cross-section in the middle of the basswood, so that the bacteria can be placed inside later.
Bagging: Use high-temperature-resistant, tensile-resistant polypropylene plastic bags with a heat distortion temperature above 140°C. There are two types of plastic bags: the large bag is 57 cm long and 26 cm wide; the small bag is 47 cm long and 22 cm wide. Each basswood is covered with 2 layers of plastic bags, and plastic bags of different specifications are selected according to the size of the basswood when bagging. When bagging, put the basswood in a plastic bag, minimize the gaps after putting the basswood in, tie the mouth of the bag tightly with a string, and tie a slipknot. Packing and carrying bags should be handled with care to prevent damage. Once a bag is found to be broken, it must be repaired with transparent glue in time.
High temperature sterilization: use high pressure steam sterilization. Three layers of steamer can be placed in the boiler, the diameter of the steamer is 160 cm, and the height is 50 cm. Each furnace can steam 300-400 basswood. 250 kg of water is put into the boiler, and the bottom of the furnace is heated with briquettes. Heat the temperature in the furnace to 120°C and keep it warm for 6 hours. The maximum temperature in the boiler can reach 130°C. After the fire ceases, wait until the temperature drops to 50°C, take out the pot and put it into the inoculation room.
Inoculation: The inoculation room can be a room of 5-8 square meters with sealed doors and windows, dry site, good sanitary conditions, and easy cleaning, and an equal inoculation account made of plastic film. 8-12 days before inoculation, disinfect the inoculation account with 3-4 g/m3 of "disinfectant". When the temperature of the sterilized bag is cooled to 30-35°C, the temperature is controlled for inoculation. Before inoculation, wash hands and change work clothes and shoes, tools must be disinfected with bleach, and hands of vaccinators must be disinfected with alcohol. The bacteria were soaked in 5% bleach solution for 5 minutes, and then ignited and fumigated with 5 g/m3 of aerosol (sodium dichloroisocyanurate) for 1 hour. Implement the flow operation of one person planting, multiple people unpacking the inoculation bags, and special person stacking. Each pack of strains can be inoculated with 4 basswoods, and the specific dosage can be adjusted according to the size of the basswoods. A uses a fruit knife to cut open the strain bag, tear 1/4 of the strain into small pieces (1-2 cm long) by hand, put it in a bowl, and pour it into the basswood bag that has untied the string. B uses tweezers to clamp the strain block into the gap between the basswood and the packaging bag, keeping the strain evenly distributed around the entire basswood, and then re-tie the mouth of the bag with a string. Tools and hands need to be re-sterilized after each basswood inoculation. Throw the discarded packaging bags into a closed trash can. Keep closed during vaccination and prohibit personnel from entering or leaving.
Mycelia culture: After inoculation, transport the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags into the aseptic workshop for cultivation. The temperature is controlled at about 25°C, and the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 50-60%. It is required to cultivate in a dark environment and keep ventilation. After 20 days of germination, turn the pile as appropriate to promote the uniform growth of mycelia. Cultivate for about 2 months. After the mycelia on the surface of the fungus sticks are white and dense, the fungus wood is tightly connected and difficult to break apart, and a large number of bean grains appear on the section of a few fungus trees, then they can be quickly buried in the soil for cultivation, and the fungi can be removed 30 days before planting the fungus sticks. The species adapted to normal temperature for 30 days.
Planting location selection: The growth of Ganoderma lucidum requires an appropriate temperature and humidity environment. The optimum growth temperature is 25-28°C, and it is generally suitable for growing in mountain forests with high humidity and dim light. Ganoderma lucidum is sensitive to gas reactions during the growth and development process. The cultivation site should be planted in a non-polluted forest land with a canopy density above 0.6 to ensure that the growth conditions of Ganoderma lucidum are closer to the original ecological environment.
Imitation of wild planting: The planting time of Ganoderma lucidum is March. The ganoderma sticks that have been removed from the bag film are placed in the bed, and 15-150 square meters/ha of fungus sticks can be placed. The upper layer is first covered with 2-3 cm thick thin Then cover the litter, preferably the litter of coniferous species. If you want to cultivate a strain with a longer stipe, you can appropriately increase the thickness of the covering.
Harvesting: The growth period of Ganoderma lucidum is from March to August. According to the principle of "harvesting first, harvesting first", when the yellow and white rings on the edge of the cap disappear completely, the cap becomes hard, brown in color, and begins to emit a large amount of red smoke When the spores are powdered, they can be harvested in batches. When harvesting, cut off the base of the stalk with scissors or pick it lightly by hand, and leave the stalk pedicle 0.5-1.0 cm. After the cut is healed, the cap primordium will be formed when the conditions are suitable, and develop into Erchao Ganoderma lucidum. After harvesting, it should be sun-dried or dried in time, bagged, and stored in a dry room or sold. One planting can be harvested continuously for 6-8 years.