The application of modern pharmacological methods to the study of Panax notoginseng can be roughly divided into two stages: one is the 1930s, and the other is after the 1970s. In the first stage, the blood-activating effect of Sanqi has been paid attention to by people; in the second stage, with the development of science and technology, scholars at home and abroad have conducted extensive pharmacological research and clinical experiments on Sanqi, and achieved a large number of new results. , so that the field of medical application of Panax notoginseng has been effectively expanded. the
1. Effect on blood and hematopoietic system
1. Panax notoginseng has a good hemostatic effect and can significantly shorten the bleeding and coagulation time.
Studies have shown that the hemostatic component of Panax notoginseng is mainly Dencichine. Panax notoginseng can promote platelet aggregation and deformation, release ADP, platelet factor Ⅲ and calcium ions and other substances to achieve hemostasis.
According to reports, the cure rate of gastrointestinal bleeding such as gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer bleeding and chronic gastritis with Shensanqi injection and Sanqi powder is over 92.0%.
Treat patients with bronchiectasis, pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary abscess complicated with hemoptysis with Panax notoginseng powder, and more than 80% of the patients can completely stop the bleeding after 5 days of medication. The use of notoginseng to treat various traumatic bleeding and various internal blood diseases has been widely used clinically.
2. Panax notoginseng can promote the division and growth of various blood cells, increase the number, promote the proliferation and release of bone marrow cells, increase the number and activity of bone marrow red blood cells, and achieve the function of promoting hematopoiesis.
Experiments have found that Panax notoginseng can significantly increase the number of red blood cells in pathological models of hemorrhagic anemia (rats and rabbits), and has a good therapeutic effect on hemorrhagic anemia.
In addition to increasing the total number of white blood cells in the peripheral blood of white mice, the total saponins of Panax notoginseng can also significantly increase the phagocytosis rate of macrophages and increase the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood.
3. Panax notoginseng has the obvious curative effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, removing blood stasis and promoting regeneration.
Experiments have shown that Panax notoginseng saponins can significantly inhibit the formation of aortic intima plaques in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. the
2. The effect on the cardiovascular system
Traditional Chinese medicine uses Panax notoginseng as a drug for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis to treat coronary heart disease and angina pectoris, and has achieved remarkable curative effects.
Excessive blood viscosity is the main source of blood system diseases such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and cerebral hemorrhage. Panax notoginseng has the functions of inhibiting platelet aggregation, promoting the activity of plasmin, reducing blood viscosity, promoting thrombus dissolution, and improving blood flow.
Experiments have shown that Panax notoginseng glycosides have the function of promoting blood circulation, can expand cardiovascular vessels, increase coronary flow, inhibit thrombus formation, resist platelet aggregation, dissolve formed thrombus, and increase nutritional myocardial blood flow. At the same time, Panax notoginseng can also reduce arterial pressure, slightly reduce heart rate, reduce the workload of the heart, thereby significantly reducing the oxygen consumption of the myocardium, and can be used to treat myocardial ischemia, angina pectoris and shock.
Experiments have proved that Panax notoginseng saponins have a certain degree of resistance to various experimental arrhythmia models.
Yunnan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine uses Panax notoginseng (commonly used medicinal part) raw Panax notoginseng powder to treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis and other patients with increased blood lipids and cholesterol, and achieved good results. The method of administration is very simple: 1 gram of raw Panax notoginseng powder each time, take it twice a day with warm boiled water, and one month is a course of treatment. the
3. The effect on the nervous system
Studies have shown that Panax notoginseng contains both protopanaxadiol-type saponins and protopanaxatriol-type saponins, wherein: protopanaxadiol-type saponins have a central nervous system inhibitory effect; protopanaxatriol-type saponins have a central nervous system excitatory effect.
Clinical application proves that the aerial parts of Panax notoginseng (flowers, leaves, stems) of Panax notoginseng have inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, manifested as sedative, stable and sleep-improving functions. The seven underground parts (Sanqi root) can excite the central nervous system, improve mental and physical strength, and show fatigue resistance. the
4. Anti-inflammatory effect
Pharmacological experiments show that Panax notoginseng has a significant inhibitory effect on the increase of capillary permeability, inflammatory exudation, tissue edema, leukocyte migration and late granulation tissue hyperplasia caused by acute inflammation. The mechanism of anti-inflammation is not only the direct anti-inflammatory effect, but also the anti-inflammatory effect by stimulating the pituitary-adrenal cortex system.
The main component of Yunnan Baiyao is Panax notoginseng, and its good effect on trauma is related to the anti-inflammation of Sanqi. the
5. The effect on the immune system
Panax notoginseng polysaccharide is an effective ingredient for promoting immunity, and both polysaccharides of Panax notoginseng can promote the function of macrophages. Panax notoginseng glycosides can also increase the total number of white blood cells and the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood, promote the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, and also increase the production of humoral immune antibodies to a certain extent.
Pharmacological experiments found that Panax notoginseng saponins can significantly increase the phagocytosis rate and phagocytic index of macrophages in mice, increase the total number of white blood cells in peripheral blood, and reduce the mobile index of white blood cells; The formation of antigen-binding cells in vivo has obvious promoting effect; Sanqi saponin can promote the mitosis of human lymphocytes in vitro.
The above results show that Panax notoginseng does have a certain immune regulation effect. the
6. Antitumor effect of notoginseng
In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have made gratifying progress in the research on the anti-tumor (cancer) effect of Panax notoginseng. Studies have shown that notoginseng contains anti-cancer active substances such as notoginseng saponin, β-elemene, and trace element selenium; Rb1 at a concentration of 120ug/ml of notoginseng saponin can inhibit 92% of cultured tumor cells, and notoginseng saponin Rd The inhibition rate was 79%; notoginseng saponin Rh1 had obvious inhibitory effect on cultured liver cancer cells; notoginseng saponin Rh2 had strong anti-tumor activity, and could induce cancer cells to reverse into non-cancerous cells.
In addition, notoginseng saponins and notoginseng polysaccharides can enhance the immune function of the body and have a certain auxiliary effect on the treatment of cancer. the
Seven, anti-oxidation, anti-aging effects
Abnormal accumulation of lipid peroxide (Lipid peroxide, LPO) in the body destroys the normal function of biofilm, promotes aging and various diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Experiments have proved that notoginseng powder mixed with distilled water into a paste can significantly reduce the content of LPO in the blood of rats, and the reduction of LOP in the brain tissue is the most significant, which has anti-aging effects. the
8. Effects on substance metabolism
Dr. Zhu Qiyan, a Chinese-American, used Panax notoginseng powder to conduct experiments on rabbits to study the effects of Panax notoginseng on weight gain and loss and intestinal absorption. The results show that Panax notoginseng can reduce the content of triglyceride, which is beneficial to the body.
Studies have shown that Panax notoginseng has many effects on the metabolism of human body substances:
The effect of notoginseng saponins on blood sugar depends on the state of the animal and the blood sugar level of the body. It can increase or decrease blood sugar, and has the effect of two-way balanced blood sugar regulation.
Panax notoginseng can affect blood lipid metabolism and reduce blood lipid levels, especially the obvious reduction of triglyceride content.
Panax notoginseng can promote protein synthesis in mouse liver, kidney, testis and serum.
Panax notoginseng can promote the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in various organs and tissues of various experimental animals.