[Aliases] Yajiaozi, ginkgo leaves, white sun leaves.
[Medicinal Parts] The leaves of Ginkgo biloba L., a plant of the Ginkgo family.
[Plant form] Tall deciduous tree, 30-40 meters high. Trunk erect, bark light gray, yellowish brown when old, longitudinally fissured. Branches are divided into long branches and short branches. Leaves clustered on short branches or spirally scattered on long branches; leaf blade fan-shaped, upper margin shallowly wavy, sometimes centrally lobed or deeply lobed, veined branches; petiole long. Flowers are solitary and dioecious, and the same plant is rare. The cones are born in the leaf axils or bract axils of short branches, and open at the same time as the leaves; the male cones are catkin-shaped; Vermicelli, each vermiculite produces one ovule, only one develops. Seed drupe-like, elliptic to nearly spherical, outer testa fleshy, with white powder, orange-yellow when ripe, inner testa bony, white. Flowering in May, fruiting in October.
[Distribution of origin] It is cultivated all over the country. Distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Liaoning and other places.
[Harvesting and processing] Harvest leaves from June to September, remove impurities, and dry in time.
【Properties of Medicinal Materials】Yellow green, smooth and hairless, often broken or folded. The complete leaves are fan-shaped, lobed or deeply lobed, with bifurcated veins. The petiole is thin, light in weight, easy to tear, with a delicate smell and slightly astringent taste.
【Meridians of Sex and Flavor】Natural, sweet, bitter and astringent. Guixin meridian, lung meridian.
【Efficacy and function】Astringing the lungs, relieving asthma, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving pain. It belongs to the astringent and astringent intestinal medicine under the classification of astringent medicine.
[Clinical Application] The dosage is 9-12 grams, decocted or taken; or the extract is made into tablets; or made into pills or powders. External application: appropriate amount, pounded for applying or rubbed on; or decocted for washing. It is used to treat cough and asthma due to lung deficiency, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, etc.
[Pharmacological research] It can improve cerebral circulation, protect brain cells and blood-brain barrier; improve learning and memory, protect nerves, reduce hearing nerve damage, and significantly improve aging, dementia, and brain dysfunction; Vascular system, can reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, can protect ischemic myocardium, reduce the occurrence of arrhythmia, dilate blood vessels, inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE); scavenge free radicals, resist lipid peroxidation; resist platelet activating factor, Inhibits platelets; has the effect of enhancing biofilm stability. It has a direct relaxation effect on tracheal smooth muscle and an antispasmodic effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscle; it has the effect of lowering blood fat; it has antimicrobial effect; it can increase the secretion of sebaceous glands and make dry or aging skin more rosy. According to the test, it has expansion effect on arterial blood vessels, and can resist the vasoconstriction effect caused by adrenaline, and also has the effect of lowering blood cholesterol.
[Chemical composition] Contains isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin, quercetin, biflavones of ginkgolides, ginkgolides A, ginkgolides β-bingolides C (Ginkgolides A, Ginkgolides B, Ginkgolides C), catechin, etc. It also contains isoflavones of ginkgo, shuanghuanghu, myricetin, syringin-3-rutinoside, 6-hydroxykynuric acid, trans-linalool oxide, ginkgolic acid, ginkgool, ginkgool, etc. Element.
[Taboos for use] Those with real evils should not use it.
[Compatible prescriptions] ① Treatment of hypercholesterolemia: Ginkgo biloba extracts flavonoids, the main component, and makes sugar-coated tablets. Each tablet contains 1.14 mg of flavonoids, 4 tablets each time, 3 times a day. ("National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine")
②Treatment of dysentery: Ginkgo biloba leaves are used as the powder, and flour is used to make cakes, cooked over a simmer. ("Pinhui Essentials")
③Treatment of enteritis in children: Ginkgo biloba leaves 3-9 grams, boiled water to scrub the soles of the feet, palms, and heart (around the Juque point), and the top of the head for severe cases, twice a day. ("National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine")
④ Treatment of freckles: Ginkgo biloba leaves, smashed, rubbed on, very good. ("Southern Yunnan Materia Medica")
⑤Treatment of onychomycosis: Ginkgo biloba leaves decocted and washed with water. (Southern Medicine "Chinese Herbal Medicine")
⑥Treatment of corns: 10 pieces of fresh ginkgo biloba leaves, smashed, wrapped and pasted on the affected area, after 2 days it will become white rot, and the hard dings will be removed with a knife. (Southern Medicine "Chinese Herbal Medicine")
⑦Treating lacquer sores and itching: decoct and wash ginkgo leaves and honeysuckle, or use ginkgo leaves alone. (Southern Medicine "Chinese Herbal Medicine")